Asia has a diverse and rich history of dog breeds reflecting their roles in various cultures. Ancient civilizations developed distinct breeds for hunting, guarding, and companionship. The diversity spans from the majestic Tibetan Mastiff to the loyal Akita.
China, with its vast history and diverse landscape, has contributed significantly to the variety of dog breeds, boasting iconic breeds like the Shih Tzu and Chow Chow.
Here are 20 such Asian dog breeds you should know about.
1. Japanese Spitz
The Japanese Spitz is a popular Asian dog breed that originated in Japan. Developed in the 1920s, it was initially bred from a mix of different Spitz-type dogs, including the Samoyed, Siberian Husky, and the German Spitz.
These dogs were carefully selected to create a breed with a pure white coat, a fox-like face, and a friendly and lively temperament.
They have a thick double coat that not only provides insulation but also gives them a distinctive appearance. They have a plumed tail that curls over their back and dark, almond-shaped eyes.
As they have distinct white, fluffy fur, they have a striking resemblance to a small cloud or a stuffed toy.
2. Tibetan Spaniel
The Tibetan Spaniel is an Asian dog breed that originated in Tibet thousands of years ago. Originally bred by Tibetan monks, they were highly regarded as companions and were often given as gifts to visiting dignitaries. They were also believed to bring good luck and were kept in monasteries and homes as watchful and loyal companions.
In ancient times, these Spaniel dogs were kept indoors and used as alarm systems, alerting their owners to approaching strangers. They were also agile and often seen perched on walls, acting as sentinels. Tibetan Spaniels are considered a small breed, with a distinctive silky double coat and a plumed tail that curls over their back. They are also nicknamed "Little Lion Dogs" due to their resemblance to small lions.
3. Shiba Inu
Another popular Asian dog is the Japanese dog breed Shiba Inu. It is one of the oldest and smallest native Japanese breeds. The Shiba Inu's history dates back to around 300 B.C., when they were bred for hunting small game in the mountainous regions of Japan. They were highly valued for their agility, intelligence, and ability to withstand harsh weather conditions.
These dogs played a crucial role in hunting animals like birds, boar, and even bears. Their small size and nimble nature allowed them to navigate difficult terrains effortlessly. These fox-like dogs have plush fur and curled tails. Shiba Inu is a beloved breed both in Japan and around the world, prized for its beauty, intelligence, and distinctive personality.
4. Pekingese
The Pekingese is an ancient Asian dog breed with a rich history dating back over 2,000 years. Bred exclusively for Chinese imperial families, these small, lion-like dogs were revered as symbols of royalty and protection. Their origins can be traced to ancient Chinese folklore, where they were believed to have been created by Buddha himself.
Pekingese played essential roles as companions to Chinese emperors, and their presence was considered good luck. The dog breed is characterized by a flat face, profuse mane, and bold personality. This gives them a distinct appearance.
5. Chow Chow
The Chow Chow is an ancient Asian dog breed hailing from China. It boasts a history spanning thousands of years. Originally employed for various tasks such as hunting, guarding, and pulling carts, the Chow Chow's lineage is steeped in Chinese antiquity. Recognizable by its distinctive lion-like mane, the breed served as a versatile working companion for Chinese farmers and nobility alike.
It is one of the few dog breeds with a blue-black tongue, a genetic quirk that sets it apart. This unique and dignified dog breed is prized for its aloof demeanor, loyalty, and strong territorial instincts embodying the essence of ancient Chinese heritage in its appearance and temperament.
6. Shar Pei
Shar Pei is another distinctive Asian dog breed that originates from China. It is renowned for its distinctive wrinkled appearance. This wrinkly dog breed has a history dating back to ancient times, when they were initially bred for hunting, guarding, and herding.
Their characteristic loose, wrinkled skin served as a defense mechanism, making it difficult for adversaries to grip during confrontations. One of the most interesting features of the Shar Pei is its "hippopotamus" head shape and the unique "sandpaper" texture of its coat.
7. Central Asian Shepherd
Central Asian Shepherd, often referred to as the Central Asian Ovcharka, is a formidable and ancient herding dog breed originating from the vast regions of Central Asia.
These large and powerful dogs were primarily bred by nomadic tribes to guard livestock, including sheep and cattle, in harsh terrains and extreme weather conditions.
Known for their strength, courage, and independence, Central Asian Shepherds played a crucial role in protecting their human families and their herds from predators and intruders. Their distinctive features include a robust build, a dense double coat, and a strong, confident demeanor.
8. Tibetan Mastiff
Tibetan Mastiff is an esteemed Asian dog breed that traces its roots to the Himalayan region, including Tibet, Nepal, and parts of Central Asia. They were bred by Tibetan tribes as guardians of livestock and monasteries in the harsh mountainous terrain.
Known for their imposing size, thick double coat, and distinct lion-like mane, these majestic dogs served as protectors against predators, including bears and wolves. The loyalty and fearlessness of these bear hunting breed made them invaluable to Tibetan herders and monks.
9. Chinese Crested Dog
Chinese crested dog is an Asian dog breed likely originating from Chinese and African hairless dogs. It was cherished by Chinese sailors as a companion and a rat hunter aboard ships. The breed gained popularity in Chinese imperial courts and later found favor with European aristocracy.
This breed has two distinct varieties: the Hairless and the Powderpuff. The Hairless variety has exposed skin with tufts of fur on the head, tail, and feet, while the Powderpuff has a full coat. This distinctive duality within a single breed makes the Chinese Crested stand out.
10. Akita
The most loyal dog breed Akita is an Asian breed. It originated in the mountainous northern regions of Japan. Akitas were initially bred for hunting large game, including bears and boars. Over time, they became symbols of good health, happiness, and long life in Japanese culture, often given as gifts to express well-wishes.
Historically, Akitas were esteemed as loyal guardians and protectors of Japanese royalty. Their courage and dignity are reflected in their stature and thick double coat.
Notably, the breed gained international fame when Helen Keller, during her visit to Japan in 1937, expressed a desire for an Akita, leading to the first of these dogs being brought to the United States.
11. Lhasa Apso
The Lhasa Apso is an Asian breed that originated in Tibet, specifically in the city of Lhasa. They have a rich history and were highly regarded as sacred dogs in Tibetan culture. They have a long and ancient history, dating back over 4,000 years.
These dogs were primarily found in monasteries, temples, and palaces, where they were kept as companions to the monks and as watchdogs. It was believed that the souls of deceased monks would enter the body of a Lhasa Apso before they were reincarnated.
The Lhasa Apso's name is derived from the Tibetan city of Lhasa and "Apso," which means "bearded" in Tibetan. They are often referred to as "Lion Dogs" due to their resemblance to lions.
12. Chongqing Dog
The Chongqing Dog is an Asian dog breed that hails from the city of Chongqing in southwestern China. It is an ancient breed that has been around for more than 2,000 years. It is named after its origin city of Chongqing.
This breed was primarily developed in the mountainous regions of Chongqing, Sichuan, and Guizhou. It was used by Chinese farmers to control vermin, it gained popularity for its prowess in rat-catching. The Chongqing Dog has a compact, muscular frame, a wrinkled face, and a short coat. The breed also has a distinct "swirl" tail, which is tightly curled over the back.
13. Thai Ridgeback
The Thai Ridgeback is an ancient and rare breed originating from Thailand. With a history dating back centuries, these dogs were initially kept by farmers for hunting, guarding, and as loyal companions. Thai Ridgebacks have a strong and muscular build with a distinctive ridge of hair along their back, which grows in the opposite direction to the rest of their coat.
The breed has a natural ability to be an excellent guard dog and hunter. They are known for their independence, intelligence, and agility.
14. Afghan Hound
Afghan Hound is an ancient and dignified dog breed originating from the mountainous regions of Afghanistan, a country located in the crossroads of Central Asia and South Asia. They were revered for their hunting prowess and primarily used by nomadic tribes to pursue game in harsh terrains.
Afghan Hound is well-known for its elegant appearance as it has a distinctive long, flowing coat, a regal posture, and a unique topknot of hair on its head. In ancient times, these dogs were prized for their speed and agility in hunting large game such as leopards and gazelles.
15. Korean Jindo
Korean Jindo is a cherished Asian dog breed that originates from the Jindo Island in South Korea. This resilient and loyal canine has a storied history, dating back centuries, where it was initially bred for hunting, guarding, and companionship.
Jindo played a vital role in Korean history, particularly as a skilled hunter. It has an unwavering loyalty and strong territorial instincts. Recognized as a Korean Natural Monument, the Jindo exemplifies the deep cultural connection between the Korean people and their indigenous companion dogs.
16. Himalayan Sheepdog
The Himalayan Sheepdog, also known as Bhote Kukur or Bhotia, is an ancient dog breed originating from the Himalayan region of Asia. It was developed in the Himalayan regions of Nepal, Tibet, and Bhutan.
They were primarily bred by the indigenous people of these areas, such as the Sherpas, for their exceptional herding and guarding abilities in the harsh mountainous terrain.
The primary role of the Himalayan Sheepdog was to protect livestock from predators like wolves, leopards, and bears. Their strong and agile bodies, coupled with their fierce loyalty and protective instincts, made them excellent guardians of the flocks. These dogs would accompany the shepherds and effectively deter any threats to the livestock.
17. Thai Bangkaew Dog
The Thai Bangkaew Dog, or simply Bangkaew, is an ancient Asian dog breed originating from Thailand. The breed is believed to have originated in the Bangkaew village, located in the Bang Rakam District of Phitsanulok Province, Thailand.
The dog breed has historically played a crucial role in the lives of the villagers. They were primarily used for herding livestock, guarding properties, and even pulling sleds.
Their natural instincts and intelligence made them excellent hunters, capable of tracking and catching small game. These wof-like dogs have thick double coat, erect ears, and a bushy tail that curls over their back.
18. Shih Tzu
The Shih Tzu, a beloved Asian breed, traces its origins to ancient China, where it was bred as a companion for Chinese royalty during the Ming and Qing dynasties. These dogs were often kept within imperial palaces and revered for their charming appearance.
Shih Tzus were treasured for their affectionate nature and were considered symbols of good luck and fortune. Shih Tzu has a distinctive underbite, contributing to its endearing expression. Apart from their royal history, Shih Tzus have a playful and loving temperament, making them enduring companions that continue to capture the hearts of dog enthusiasts worldwide.
19. Chippiparai
Chippiparai is a breed of sighthound that originated in the southern part of India, particularly in the Chippiparai region of Tamil Nadu. This ancient breed has a history dating back several centuries and was initially bred by the royal families of the region for hunting purposes.
They are known for their exceptional speed, endurance, and agility. Chippiparais were primarily used in hunting deer, wild boar, and other game. They are characterized by their slim, muscular build, short coat, and distinctive curved tail.
20. Pug
Pug is a small dog breed that originated in China. Pugs were highly valued and kept by Chinese emperors during the Shang dynasty (around 1766-1122 BC). The breed was later brought to Europe by Dutch traders in the 16th century, where it gained popularity among European nobility.
Pugs have a distinctive appearance with a wrinkled face, curly tail, and a short-muzzled, pushed-in nose. These companion dogs were often pampered and had their own dedicated servants to care for them. They had a significant role in Chinese court life, and their presence was considered a symbol of prestige and status.
Petjurni Team
